As the S&P 500 enters bull market territory, here's what to consider before you invest (2024)

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People walk by the New York Stock Exchange in New York City on Dec. 29, 2023.

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The stock index climbed to a new all-time high on Monday.

A bull market — by two definitions — is here. Last year, the S&P 500 rose more than 20% from its most recent low. As of Friday, it crossed another bull market threshold when it surpassed its previous high.

For investors who want to get in on the action, the good news is that investing in a fund that tracks the S&P 500 index is an easily accessible strategy.

But experts say it also deserves a word of caution: Past performance is not indicative of future returns. And while the S&P 500 was a clear winner in 2023 — finishing the year up 26%, including dividends — it may not be the strategy that comes out ahead at the close of 2024.

What is the S&P 500 index?

The S&P 500 includes around 500 large cap equity stocks. The index is a market cap-weighted index, which means each company's weighting is based on its market capitalization, or the total value of all outstanding shares.

The top companies by weight include Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Nvidia, Alphabet (with two share classes), Meta, Tesla, Berkshire Hathaway and JPMorgan Chase.

Information technology represents the largest sector, with 28.9% of the index. A recent rally of big tech names has helped push the index to its recent highs.

As the S&P 500 enters bull market territory, here's what to consider before you invest (1)

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How can you invest in the S&P 500?

Today, investors may choose from mutual funds or exchange-traded funds that track the index. Among the biggest ETFs are: ,, and.

Vanguard in 1975 created the first index mutual fund that tracked the S&P 500. Vanguard founder John Bogle was famously a proponent of investing in a broad index fund.

"Simply buy a Standard & Poor's 500 Index fund or a total stock market index fund," Bogle wrote in his book, "The Little Book of Common Sense Investing."

"Then, once you have bought your stocks, get out of the casino — and stay out," he wrote. "Just hold the market portfolio forever."

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For stock investors who want to keep their strategies simple, experts say the approach can work.

"Among the better decisions people can make is starting with an index-based fund tracking the S&P 500 because it works," Todd Rosenbluth, head of research at VettaFi, recently told CNBC.com.

Over time, passive strategies have shown better returns than actively managed funds. Moreover, the cost of those funds is much lower compared to active strategies. Together, that combination is hard to beat.

"I don't think individual investors or money managers can generally outperform the S&P 500," said Ted Jenkin, a certified financial planner and the CEO and founder ofoXYGen Financial, a financial advisory and wealth management firm based in Atlanta. Jenkin is also a member of the CNBC FA Council.

When does it pay to diversify?

The greater a portfolio's exposure to the S&P 500 index, the more the ups and downs of that index will affect its balance.

That is why experts generally recommend a 60/40 split between stocks and bonds. That may be extended to 70/30 or even 80/20 if an investor's time horizon allows for more risk.

Moreover, exclusively investing in the S&P 500 on the stock side of a portfolio may be limiting if other areas of the market prove more successful in 2024.

In 2023, the S&P 500 was up around 26% for the year, besting other strategies like a U.S. small cap index fund or an international stock index fund, noted Brian Spinelli, a certified financial planner and co-chief investment officer atHalbert Hargrove Global Advisorsin Long Beach, California, which was No. 8 onCNBC's FA 100 listin 2023.

It may be tempting to throw out those other strategies and just go with the one that did really well last year, Spinelli noted.

"But I wouldn't go overboard," Spinelli said. "You shouldn't be 100% U.S. large cap and let it sit there and expect the same level of returns we've seen over the last five years."

As the S&P 500 enters bull market territory, here's what to consider before you invest (2024)

FAQs

As the S&P 500 enters bull market territory, here's what to consider before you invest? ›

The greater a portfolio's exposure to the S&P 500 index, the more the ups and downs of that index will affect its balance. That is why experts generally recommend a 60/40 split between stocks and bonds. That may be extended to 70/30 or even 80/20 if an investor's time horizon allows for more risk.

What should I use to invest in the S&P 500? ›

The simplest way to invest in the index is through S&P 500 index funds or ETFs that replicate the index. You can purchase these in a taxable brokerage account, or if you're investing for retirement, in a 401(k) or IRA, which come with added tax benefits.

How should you invest in a bull market? ›

Investors who want to benefit from a bull market should buy early in order to take advantage of rising prices and sell them when they've reached their peak. Although it is hard to determine when the bottom and peak will take place, most losses will be minimal and are usually temporary.

What should you always do before you invest in the stock market? ›

How to start investing in stocks: 9 tips for beginners
  • Buy the right investment.
  • Avoid individual stocks if you're a beginner.
  • Create a diversified portfolio.
  • Be prepared for a downturn.
  • Try a simulator before investing real money.
  • Stay committed to your long-term portfolio.
  • Start now.
  • Avoid short-term trading.
Apr 16, 2024

Should I invest in S and P 500 now? ›

One important thing for all investors to learn is that timing the market is impossible. And quite frankly, it's unimportant if you're investing in a high-quality S&P 500 index fund for the long term. Even if you buy at a market peak, your long-term returns should likely be excellent.

How to invest in the S&P 500 for beginners? ›

How to invest in an S&P 500 index fund
  1. Find your S&P 500 index fund. It's actually easy to find an S&P 500 index fund, even if you're just starting to invest. ...
  2. Go to your investing account or open a new one. ...
  3. Determine how much you can afford to invest. ...
  4. Buy the index fund.
Apr 3, 2024

Should I invest $10,000 in S&P 500? ›

Assuming an average annual return rate of about 10% (a typical historical average), a $10,000 investment in the S&P 500 could potentially grow to approximately $25,937 over 10 years.

What to buy during the bull market? ›

A popular strategy in bull market trading is buying a call option, which is a contract with a due date that gives you the right to buy a certain asset at a specified price. You may end up deciding not to buy at all as there's no obligation to do so, but you'd lose the premium you committed to buy the call option.

Should you invest during a bull market? ›

Benefits of investing during a bull market

Profit potential: Bull markets are characterized by rising asset prices, which can lead to significant gains for investors. This presents opportunities to grow wealth and achieve financial goals.

What not to do in a bull market? ›

Behaviour mistake 1: Selling in a panic at all-time highs

The thought of a market fall can make you want to sell your investments and buy back later. After all, they say, "Buy Low, Sell High." But here's why this might not be the best idea: All-time highs are a normal part of long-term investing in stocks.

What not to do with stocks? ›

Common investing mistakes include not doing enough research, reacting emotionally, not diversifying your portfolio, not having investment goals, not understanding your risk tolerance, only looking at short-term returns, and not paying attention to fees.

How can you tell what professional stock analysts recommend? ›

Analyst recommendations typically come in the form of a rating, such as “buy,” “hold,” or “sell.” Each rating reflects the analyst's opinion on the stock's potential performance. A “buy” rating indicates that the analyst believes the stock is undervalued and has the potential to increase in price.

What should your first priority of investing be? ›

Answer and Explanation: The priority for an investor is sufficient liquidity. Liquidity allows an investor to buy and sell quickly without spending too much money on processing costs. Additionally, it allows an investor to ditch losing investments when a downward trend is observed quickly.

What is the best month for the S&P 500? ›

S&P 500 Seasonal Patterns
  • Best Months: March, April, May, July, October, November, and December.
  • Worst Months: January, June, and September.
Apr 30, 2024

What mutual fund beat the S&P 500 over 10 years? ›

The Needham Aggressive Growth Retail fund beat the S&P 500 index over the past one-, three-, five- and 10-year periods. Its 10-year average return was 12.78%.

Is it better to invest in the S&P 500 or savings account? ›

Investing products such as stocks can have much higher returns than savings accounts and CDs. Over time, the Standard & Poor's 500 stock index (S&P 500), has returned about 10 percent annually, though the return can fluctuate greatly in any given year. Investing products are generally very liquid.

Does Warren Buffett recommend the S&P 500? ›

Berkshire Hathaway CEO Warren Buffett has regularly recommended an S&P 500 index fund.

Which S&P 500 ETF is the best? ›

SPY, VOO and IVV are among the most popular S&P 500 ETFs. These three S&P 500 ETFs are quite similar, but may sometimes diverge in terms of costs or daily returns.

What is the best index fund for beginners? ›

For beginners, the vast array of index funds options can be overwhelming. We recommend Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO) (minimum investment: $1; expense Ratio: 0.03%); Invesco QQQ ETF (QQQ) (minimum investment: NA; expense Ratio: 0.2%); and SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust (DIA).

Should I invest my 401k in S&P 500? ›

Investing in a broad market index fund can take a lot of the guesswork away. If you're not a confident investor, an S&P 500 index fund could be your best choice. If you're willing to do the work and research stocks individually, you might enjoy stronger gains in your retirement account.

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