Arthur Ashe | Civil Rights Activist, Grand Slam Champion (2024)

Arthur Ashe (born July 10, 1943, Richmond, Virginia, U.S.—died February 6, 1993, New York, New York) was an American tennis player, the first Black winner of a major men’s singles championship.

Ashe began to play tennis at the age of seven in a neighbourhood park. He was coached by Walter Johnson of Lynchburg, Virginia, who had coached tennis champion Althea Gibson. Ashe moved to St. Louis, Missouri, where he was coached by Richard Hudlin, before he entered the University of California at Los Angeles on a tennis scholarship. In 1963 Ashe won the U.S. hard-court singles championship; in 1965 he took the intercollegiate singles and doubles titles; and in 1967 he won the U.S. clay-court singles championship. In 1968 he captured the U.S. (amateur) singles and open singles championships. He played on the U.S. Davis Cup team (1963–70, 1975, 1977–78) and helped the U.S. team to win the Davis Cup challenge (final) round in 1968, 1969, and 1970. In the latter year he became a professional.

Arthur Ashe | Civil Rights Activist, Grand Slam Champion (2)

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His criticism of South African apartheid racial policy led to denial of permission to play in that country’s open tournament, and, as a consequence, on March 23, 1970, South Africa was excluded from Davis Cup competition. In 1975, when he won the Wimbledon singles and the World Championship singles, he was ranked first in world tennis. After retiring from play in 1980, he became captain of the U.S. Davis Cup team, a position he held from 1981 to 1985.

Ashe underwent coronary bypass operations in 1979 and 1983. In April 1992 he revealed that he had become infected with the virus that causes AIDS, probably through a tainted blood transfusion received during one of those operations. For the remainder of his life, Ashe devoted considerable time to efforts to educate the public about the disease.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia BritannicaThis article was most recently revised and updated by Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Arthur Ashe | Civil Rights Activist, Grand Slam Champion (2024)

FAQs

Arthur Ashe | Civil Rights Activist, Grand Slam Champion? ›

Arthur Ashe (born July 10, 1943, Richmond, Virginia, U.S.—died February 6, 1993, New York, New York) was an American tennis player, the first Black winner of a major men's singles championship. Born: July 10, 1943, Richmond, Virginia, U.S. Ashe began to play tennis at the age of seven in a neighbourhood park.

What year did Arthur Ashe win the Grand Slam? ›

Sept. 9, 1968

Arthur Ashe won the U.S. Open Singles Tennis Championship, becoming the first Black man to ever win a Grand Slam event. That same year, he also won the U.S. Amateur Championships, becoming the only player to ever win both events in the same year.

Who is the first African-American male to win a Grand Slam? ›

Arthur Robert Ashe Jr.

Ashe was the first black player selected to the United States Davis Cup team, and the only black man ever to win the singles titles at Wimbledon, the US Open, and the Australian Open.

Who was the first black woman to win the US Open? ›

Althea Gibson (born August 25, 1927, Silver, South Carolina, U.S.—died September 28, 2003, East Orange, New Jersey) was an American tennis player who dominated women's competition in the late 1950s.

Who was the first African-American female tennis player to win Wimbledon? ›

Althea Gibson became the first African American to win the women's singles title at Wimbledon and became the top female tennis player in the world. Just six years earlier, she had become the first black player to compete at Wimbledon. Born in South Carolina, she grew up in Harlem, where she loved table tennis.

Which Arthur won 3 Grand Slams? ›

1 tennis player in the world and winner of over 50 professional titles including three Grand Slams, Arthur Ashe was a dominant figure on and off the court. At UCLA, Ashe became the first African-American selected to the United States Davis Cup team, won a NCAA singles title and helped UCLA win the NCAA team title.

How many Grand Slams did Ash win? ›

Ashleigh Barty (born April 24, 1996, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia) Australian tennis player who won 15 career singles titles, including three at Grand Slam tournaments, and held the number one spot in the women's tennis world rankings for 114 consecutive weeks.

Who is the only black man to win the Wimbledon? ›

The doing is often more important than the outcome. That's a quote from Arthur Ashe, the only black man ever to win the singles titles at Wimbledon, the U.S. Open, and the Australian Open. St. Louis helped launch his barrier-breaking career.

Has a black person ever won a Grand Slam? ›

Althea Neale Gibson (August 25, 1927 – September 28, 2003) was an American tennis player and professional golfer, and one of the first Black athletes to cross the color line of international tennis. In 1956, she became the first African American to win a Grand Slam event (the French Championships).

Was Arthur Ashe ranked number 1? ›

If there was any solace for Ashe after missing out on his first professional paycheck, on December 12, 1968 he became the No. 1 ranked U.S. player by the United States Lawn Tennis Association.

Has a black man ever won the U.S. Open? ›

In 1968, Arthur Ashe became the first and only Black man to ever win the U.S. Open championship, breaking down color barriers and inspiring a generation of up-and-coming athletes.

Who was the second black woman to win a Grand Slam? ›

She also joined Althea Gibson as only the second African-American woman to win a Grand Slam. Additionally, Serena and Venus took home the U.S. Open doubles title in 1999, further highlighting their impending takeover.

How old was the youngest woman to win the U.S. Open? ›

In September, Austin became the youngest-ever US Open champion, aged 16 years and 9 months, by defeating second-seeded Navratilova in the semifinals and top seed Chris Evert in the final. Evert had been attempting to win the title for the fifth consecutive year.

Who is the black female tennis star? ›

Coco Gauff
Gauff at the 2022 US Open
Country (sports)United States
BornMarch 13, 2004 Delray Beach, Florida, U.S.
Height5 ft 9 in (1.75 m)
Singles
31 more rows

Who was the first African American to win a singles title at Wimbledon? ›

On July 6, 1957, Althea Gibson won the women's singles title at Wimbledon. She was the first African American to win a tennis championship at the historic All England Lawn Tennis & Croquet Club.

How old was Arthur Ashe when he won Wimbledon? ›

Arthur Ashe was 31 years old in 1975, and seemingly well past his prime, so his advancement to the 1975 Wimbledon finals came as somewhat of a surprise to the tennis establishment.

Who was the first black male tennis player to win at Wimbledon? ›

NEH | Legendary tennis player Arthur Ashe, the first Black man to win the @usopen and @Wimbledon titles, was born #OTD in 1943.

Who won 18 Grand Slam singles finals between 1973 and 1988? ›

Evert reached 34 Major finals, winning 18 Grand Slam titles: Roland-Garros (1974, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1983, 1985, 1986), Wimbledon (1974, 1976, 1981), the US Open (1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1982), and the Australian Open (1982, 1984).

Who was the last black man to win a Grand Slam? ›

Ashe became the last African-American athlete in the ATP to win a men's singles Grand Slam in 1975 and a men's doubles Grand Slam in 1977. After him, many black ATP stars came up but failed to win any majors.

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